Russian Bully Putin Threatens Europe
Russia warns of ‘new military confrontation’ in Europe
BY Holly Ellyat Via CNBC June 16, 2015
Russia prepares for a European road trip. (photo credit: Kirill Kudryavtsev | AFP | Getty Images)
(While the Russian economy continues to falter, Putin competes in the only way he’s capable…nuclear build up. I hope Europe is listening. The threat is real. Put a cap on the socialist spending and invest in a strong military now before it’s too late. – LS)
Relations between Russia and the West took another downturn this week when Russia warned that any stationing of military equipment along the border with eastern Europe could have “dangerous consequences.”
The warning came as Russian President Vladimir Putin announced on Tuesday that Russia would add more than 40 new intercontinental ballistic missiles to its nuclear arsenal this year, Reuters reported.
The Russian Foreign Ministry issued the warning on Monday after theNew York Times and other media organizations reported that the U.S. had offered to store military equipment for up to 5,000 troops – including battle tanks and heavy weapons — in allied eastern European countries.
“The emergence of such information confirms that the U.S., in cooperation with its allies, apparently has serious sights on ultimately undermining key provisions in the ‘NATO Russia Founding Act’ of 1997, in which the alliance pledged not to deploy substantial combat forces on the territory of the countries mentioned in the permanent basis,” the ministry said in a statement on its website.
“We hope, however, that reason will prevail and that the situation in Europe will be able to keep from sliding to a new military confrontation that could have dangerous consequences.”
The statement preceded a comments from Putin, who was attending a military and arms fair on Tuesday. Addressing the fair’s attendees, he announced the addition of the ballistic missiles which, he said, were able to “overcome even the most technically advanced anti-missile defence systems,” Reuters reported.
An U.S. Pentagon official told the NYT that no decision had yet been made and that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), to which many European countries belong, would have to ratify such a move.
“The U.S. military continues to review the best location to store these materials in consultation with our allies,” said a Pentagon spokesman said, cited by the NYT. “At this time, we have made no decision about if or when to move to this equipment.”
Propaganda and Phobia
Eastern European and Baltic states sharing a border with Russia—which include Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Ukraine—have become increasingly nervous about recent, seemingly provocative military exercises by Russia. This follows Moscow’s annexation of Ukraine’s Crimea region last year, role in the pro-Russian uprising in Ukraine and subsequent sanctioning by the West.
Nonetheless, the Russian Foreign Ministry said the proposed move by the U.S. to station military equipment along the border was part of a propaganda plot to turn Europe against Moscow.
“Washington says the planned measures are needed to ‘increase the confidence’ of European allies in the face of the ‘Russian threat,'” the ministry said.
“In fact, capitals in both Washington and in Europe are aware that the ‘Russian threat’ is nothing more than a myth.”
The countries where military equipment could be stored include Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Estonia and possible Hungary. The plans could be decided upon when defence ministers from the 28 NATO member countries meet later in June.
A Russian defence official was also quoted on Monday as saying that any U.S. plan to station tanks and heavy weapons in NATO states on Russia’s border would be an “aggressive step,” news agency Interfax reported.
“If heavy U.S. military equipment, including tanks, artillery batteries and other equipment really does turn up in countries in eastern Europe and the Baltics, that will be the most aggressive step by the Pentagon and NATO since the Cold War,” Russian defence ministry official General Yuri Yakubov said.
He was also quoted as saying Moscow would retaliate by building up its own forces “on the Western strategic front.”
All about Ukraine
With the war of words between the U.S. and Russia threatening to descend into something nastier, Ian Bremmer, president of risk consultancy Eurasia Group, said the geo-political tension was very much focused on Ukraine.
“We have seen a ceasefire in Ukraine that has not held, we have seen an escalation in Russian war material in east Ukraine, we’ve seen casualties in the last few weeks and expanded Russian military exercises on the border as well as more Russian troops,” he told CNBC Europe’s “Squawk Box.”
“From the western perspective it does seem laughable that Russia would talks about the greatest escalation by the Americans potentially putting tanks in the Baltics, which still hasn’t been approved by NATO as a whole, when Russia is putting tanks in countries that don’t want those tanks there. This is very much about Ukraine.”
Moscow has also accused the U.S. of being responsible for the political uprising in Ukraine in 2014 that preceded the annexation of Crimea, in which the pro-Russian leader Viktor Yanukovych was ousted.
“It is convenient to use propaganda to cover up the responsibility of the U.S. for the anti-constitutional coup in Ukraine and in Kiev,” said the Russian Foreign Ministry in its statement.
“The U.S. has assiduously nurtured an anti-Russian among its European allies in order to take advantage of the current difficult moment for the further expansion of its military presence.”
WarSclerotic 
June 16, 2015 at 3:51 PM
Russia Condemns US Weapons Deployment, Will Send Troops to Protect Border
http://russia-insider.com/en/russia-condemns-aggressive-us-weapons-deployment-will-send-troops-protect-border/ri8024
June 16, 2015 at 3:57 PM
No one of any consequence, except Germany in WWII, has any interest in violating Russia’s borders.
June 16, 2015 at 4:02 PM
Come on Steve , it would be not the first time.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_and_the_Russian_Revolution
Business has to go on
Some reading
https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=489
June 16, 2015 at 4:08 PM
So….Russia is on the defensive?
June 16, 2015 at 4:20 PM
Yep.
June 16, 2015 at 5:26 PM
A senior US Air Force official called the current situation with Russia “the biggest threat” on her mind, hinting at a possible display of power that could see American military aircraft, including F-22 Raptor fighter jets, deployed to Europe.
The Air Force is now considering a plan to further increase the number of its rotational forces in Europe, the US Secretary of the Air Force, Deborah Lee James, told reporters at the Paris Airshow at Le Bourget.
“That’s the beginning, there will be more. You’ll continue to see more and more rotational forces,” James said as quoted by Reuters. “The biggest threat on my mind is what’s happening with Russia and the activities of Russia. That’s a big part of why I’m here in Europe.”
http://rt.com/news/267439-us-raptors-europe-russia/
AND this as reaction on building up USA ? NATO Forces in Europe.
Over 40 intercontinental ballistic missiles will be delivered to Russia’s strategic forces in 2015, President Vladimir Putin announced at the opening ceremony of the Army-2015 Expo, an international military forum held near Moscow.
“This year, our nuclear forces are going to get more than 40 intercontinental ballistic missiles capable of penetrating all existing, even the most advanced missile defenses,” the Russian president said, adding that the state would persist in paying specific attention to realization of a massive military rearmament program and modernization of the defense industry, Putin said.
http://rt.com/news/267514-putin-ballistic-missiles-army/
action, reaction, WAR ?
thesis, antithesis, synthesis ?
You have to do something to get the machine rolling again, and war is a proven tool.
June 16, 2015 at 3:53 PM
Bloomberg’s report on this announcement teeters on the edge of self-parody. Here’s one of the potential “outcomes” of sending heavy weapons to Russia’s border:
NATO officials will watch to see how Putin responds, the two U.S. officials said. The worst outcome would be an abrupt redeployment of Russian tank, infantry and air forces close to NATO’s eastern border based on a claim that the 1997 agreement had been violated, they said.
Or in English: “Russia might station its own troops on its own border if we send troops to Russia’s border. How aggressive!”
http://russia-insider.com/en/us-plans-station-tanks-troops-russian-border/ri8006
June 16, 2015 at 3:53 PM
http://russia-insider.com/sites/insider/files/styles/s400/public/russia_wants_war_look_how_closely_they_put_country_to_our_military_bases_0.jpg?itok=EE2nZyMa
June 16, 2015 at 3:57 PM
Please be so kind Yanks and Ruskies to fight for world dominance this time on USA soil, we had enough from this in Europe.
June 16, 2015 at 4:01 PM
Will do Joop, as soon as they finish overrunning Europe.
June 16, 2015 at 4:23 PM
It is the other way around, but you are not able to see it . We the west are not holy in this struggle for world dominance .
June 16, 2015 at 4:38 PM
Washington’s belligerent policies against countries like Russia and China will eventually start World War III, says American investigative journalist Wayne Madsen.
He said measures taken by NATO Commander General Philip Breedlove and his friends in Washington as they are approaching Russian waters in the Black sea and also provocations against China in the South China Sea could lead to a major conflict.
“I believe these people want to bring about World War III,” the Washington-based author told Press TV on Sunday.
He added that NATO commanders and their friends in Washington need to undergo psychiatric care because of their policies.
Madsen said they should all “undergo psychiatric treatment immediately before they manage to get this country into a war.”
Madsen made the remarks when he was asked about a close encounter between Russian and American military forces, where Moscow deployed fighters to ward off a US destroyer heading towards its territorial waters in the Black Sea.
The US Navy destroyer USS Ross was reportedly heading in the direction of Russian waters on Saturday.
The Russian Navy jets forced the USS Ross to go into neutral waters in the Black Sea.
“It is not a surprise that Russia would be protective of its territorial waters,” said Madsen, adding ”after all, if Russian ships entered the Gulf of Mexico and closely approached Louisiana and Florida coasts, the US would respond with aircraft and probably ships.”
He then slammed Pentagon officials for their recent policies towards Russia, addressing them as a “dangerous provocation on the part of the Pentagon.”
http://www.presstv.ir/Detail/2015/05/31/413700/US-policies-Russia-China-World-War-III
June 16, 2015 at 6:08 PM
Better to be safe than sorry.
June 16, 2015 at 10:30 PM
I can not disagree whit that .
But : we the people will do the bleeding and the dying , as usual,
June 16, 2015 at 4:30 PM
Overrunning Europe is exactly what the USA is doing with The transatlantic trade agreement, and putting more and more weapons in Europe.
You have still the old cold war fever, never got rid of it.
But Europe is also pushing their influence further and further under pressure from the USA , kind of NATO thing, and you know who is the big boss of the NATO.
June 16, 2015 at 4:54 PM
Not interested in a century long going on regime change actions of the USA ?
Facts are not nice enough, breaking down your indoctrinated impression of the exceptional beautiful USA .
And do not say i,am a Putin lover or Russia lover, on the contrary, but facts are facts and have to be seen with open eyes , otherwise we can not engage in the struggle for a better world.
I love the USA , but have not the Americanism virus.
June 16, 2015 at 5:26 PM
If it wasn’t for the Americanism virus, we would all be infected with Stalinitis and/or a bad case of chronic Hitler syndrome. 🙂
June 16, 2015 at 5:28 PM
Hell, NO !
Typical a reaction from an infected one .
June 17, 2015 at 5:54 AM
Russia, world domination? You’re kidding right? Russia is an economically backward land of vodka drinkers. Brings precious little more to the game of thrones it does.
June 17, 2015 at 2:20 PM
http://www.globalfirepower.com/navy-aircraft-carriers.asp
Russia and world domination. BWAAAAAHAHAHAHA….
June 17, 2015 at 2:23 PM
Thailand has as many aircraft carries as Russia. BWAAAAHAHAHAHAHAH!!!!!
June 17, 2015 at 3:28 PM
They do not need them, they are not willing to dominate other country,s by brute force
June 17, 2015 at 3:00 PM
And with all that fire power you could not win the Vietnam war , modern warfare is a lot more than fire power alone.
The mc cain tactic : bombing for peace, humanity and American corporatism is understood now by the rest of the world.
June 17, 2015 at 3:27 PM
USA lost the Iraq war, the bad guys running all over the place, 4000 + members of we the people dead for nothing.
Wake up bro .
Nice all that fire power !!
And you still not get it.
June 17, 2015 at 2:47 PM
Try to lower your Americanism a bit down it blurs your vision.( i know it is difficult because you are indoctrinated with the exceptionalism virus from day one )
They USA is going for world domination .
China and Russia got the offer to participate in the world domination game under USA rule , they refuse.
USA is encircling them on all fronts and they are pushing back.
About economical backwardness :
China holds $798.9 billion in American debt. Japan holds $746.5 billion in U.S. debt. The U.K. holds $230.7 billion of the U.S. debt. Brazil holds $156.2 billion in U.S. debt. Hong Kong has $142.0 billion of the American debt. Russia has $122.5 billion of American debt. Luxemburg holds $90.8 billion of the American debt. Taiwan has $78.7 billion of America?s debt. Switzerland owns $71.5 billion of America?s debt. Germany holds $52.8 billion in American debt. South Korea has $42.2 billion of the U.S. debt. Canada has $40.8 billion in American debt. Ireland has $38.3 billion in U.S. debt. France has $36.2 billion in U.S. debt. Singapore has $35.2 billion of the U.S. debt. India owns $32.9 billion of the American debt. Turkey owns $30.4 billion of the U.S. debt. Thailand holds $30.1 billion in U.S. debt. Norway holds $24.9 billion in American debt. Mexico holds $20.7 billion of U.S. debt.
Get the picture ?
The world is keeping the USA upright for now because they trying ( and are more and more successful )to convert their dollars into something else, the High dollar at the moment is profitable for them at the moment.
As soon as this process is done, the dollar is going in to the gutter.
Rest the USA just one thing , WAR !
War make,s profit for the corporate gangsters and banksters, we the people will do the bleeding and dying, and that even exceptional.
Or do i have to give you some historical lessons about American corporatism who fed the nazi war machine .
TTP and TTIP is just trying from the USA corporatism to take over country,s .
But the USA tool of economical imperialism ( like TTP and TTIP ) is getting blunt , left over destabilizing country,s and war .
Because on one thing the USA is really EXCEPTIONAL is their military forces.
And the USA shows this of on daily basis on the borders of other country,s
PS: 1967 was the last year the USA made a dollar , total trade balance is negative since 1968
June 17, 2015 at 4:00 PM
Dude try as you might, you make no sense.
June 17, 2015 at 4:06 PM
I understand it, your virus is taking over.
But the pragmatic reality of your senses will take over, and soon.
June 17, 2015 at 4:35 PM
Nope, living the American Dream here. Great virus to have. 🎉🎊💥🎈💫✨
June 17, 2015 at 4:44 PM
Joop, you live in the past. The ever accelerating technological revolution (spearheaded by, yup, you guessed it, the good old U.S of A) will change everything. You just don’t see it where you hide/live.
June 17, 2015 at 5:00 PM
OH, i see it a way better than you, from where i,am i have a helicopter view and see that we are heading to a full technocratic society under the control of corporate USA , at least they are trying it.
You are becoming under full control like the rest of the world , thanks to the technology controlled by the few , you are just one of we the people, the modern slave of the technocratic society.
If you are born in a jail you do not see the steel bars.
No more cash but a chip , technology set you free !
June 17, 2015 at 5:09 PM
Dear o dear , wake up bro,
Just one example of your blindness
http://finance.zacks.com/federal-banking-rules-withdrawing-large-sums-cash-1696.html
If you are born in a jail you do not see the steel bars.
And it is getting worse by the day.
June 17, 2015 at 5:06 PM
Let me guess, survivlist right?
“Survivalism is a movement of individuals or groups (called survivalists or preppers) who are actively preparing for emergencies, including possible disruptions in social or political order, on scales from local to international. Survivalists often acquire emergency medical and self-defense training, stockpile food and water, prepare to become self-sufficient, and build structures (e.g., a survival retreat or an underground shelter) that may help them survive a catastrophe.”
Yup, this is Joop.
June 17, 2015 at 5:30 PM
Another lame response , dragging this dispute into private matters, kind of childish behavior , tells me a lot.
I,am just doing what the smart people who control you are doing , it is just fun to be able to do it.
But nothing underground,no need for it,and as you know , location location, location !
And it give me no pleasure at all, if the pragmatic reality of your senses wake you up to late.
And if nothing happened, nothing lost, just a beautiful life , you see legs on both side of the fence, perhaps something to do with my heritage .
June 17, 2015 at 5:10 PM
That’s ok Joop, live in your hole in the ground. Hide from life, before you know it old age will set in and you’ll die. You’ll be safe then.
June 17, 2015 at 5:17 PM
lame response, frustrated because in the back of your head you know i,am right ? No arguments any more ? ? i think you would be happy with my hole in the ground, old age already set in , 59 and soon 60, but still kicking around and enjoy it every minute of the day and night .
And there is life outside the USA, perhaps you have to try to get out of your state and see something of the world.
You are beyond the healing process from getting rid of the virus, but still i wish you well.
June 17, 2015 at 5:34 PM
No Joop I know you’re wronge. I know the mean old capitalists are scary creatures, but they/we brought the world out of the dark ages.
Older than you might friend, came up from blue collar background payed own way through State College, years later payed my children’s way through Ivy League. Worked very hard for many years to attain the American Dream. Nothing was handed. Also did some globe trotting in my day, more to come. Not afraid to stare the future in the face. Cheers
June 17, 2015 at 5:45 PM
I do not have fear for the future, but an interest to see how it is developing , lets call it evolution of mankind.
I,am just a traveler in a train on a journey sitting in front of a nice window, watching the landscape passing by .
I get your background, loaded with the Americanism virus, it is you who live in the past and longing to a past by era .
PS:do you know the difference between corporatism and capitalism, so yes, please enlighten me.
because i did non spoke about capitalism, that is old school, another sign you are hanging in the past.
June 17, 2015 at 10:58 PM
Corporatism seems like an old concept Joop.
This article is about the general social theory. For business influence in politics, see Corporatocracy. For the process of reorganizing institutions on a corporate or business basis, see Corporatization.
Corporatism, also known as corporativism,[1] is the sociopolitical organization of a society by major interest groups, or corporate groups, such as agricultural, business, ethnic, labour, military, patronage, or scientific affiliations, on the basis of common interests.[2] It is theoretically based on the interpretation of a community as an organic body.[3] The term corporatism is based on the Latin root word “corpus” (plural – “corpora”) meaning “body”.[4]
In 1881, Pope Leo XIII commissioned theologians and social thinkers to study corporatism and provide a definition for it. In 1884 in Freiburg, the commission declared that corporatism was a “system of social organization that has at its base the grouping of men according to the community of their natural interests and social functions, and as true and proper organs of the state they direct and coordinate labor and capital in matters of common interest”.[5]
Corporatism is related to the sociological concept of structural functionalism.[6] Corporate social interaction is common within kinship groups such as families, clans and ethnicities.[7] In addition to humans, certain animal species like penguins exhibit strong corporate social organization.[8][9] Corporatist types of community and social interaction are common to many ideologies, including—absolutism, capitalism, conservatism, fascism, liberalism, progressivism, reactionism.[10]
Corporatism may also refer to economic tripartism involving negotiations between business, labour, and state interest groups to establish economic policy.[11] This is sometimes also referred to as neo-corporatism.
Contents
Common types
Kinship corporatism
Corporatism in religion and spiritualism
Christianity
Biology
Corporatism in politics and political economy
Communitarian corporatism
Absolutist corporatism
Progressive corporatism
Corporate solidarism
Liberal corporatism
Fascist corporatism
Neo-corporatism
Chinese corporatism
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
On Italian corporatism
On fascist corporatism
On neo-corporatism
External links
Common typesEdit
Kinship corporatismEdit
Kinship-based corporatism emphasizing clan, ethnic, and family identification has been a common phenomenon in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Confucian societies based upon families and clans in East Asia and Southeast Asia have been considered types of corporatism. China has strong elements of clan corporatism in its society involving legal norms concerning family relations.[12] Islamic societies often have strong clan that forms the basis for a community-based corporatist society.[7]
Corporatism in religion and spiritualismEdit
ChristianityEdit
Painting of Paul of Tarsus.
Christian corporatism is traced to the New Testament of the Bible in I Corinthians 12:12-31 where Paul of Tarsus discusses an organic form of politics and society where all people and components are united functionally, like the human body.[13]
During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church sponsored the creation of various institutions including brotherhoods, monasteries, religious orders, and military associations, especially during the Crusades to sponsor association between these groups. In Italy, various function-based groups and institutions were created, including universities, guilds for artisans and craftspeople, and other professional associations.[14] The creation of the guild system is a particularly important aspect of the history of corporatism because it involved the allocation of power to regulate trade and prices to guilds, which is an important aspect of corporatist economic models of economic management and class collaboration.[14]
Corporatism’s popularity increased in the late 19th century, and a corporatist internationale was formed in 1890, followed by the publishing of Rerum novarum by the Catholic Church that for the first time declared the Church’s blessing to trade unions and recommended for organized labour to be recognized by politicians.[15] Many corporatist unions in Europe were endorsed by the Catholic Church to challenge the anarchist, Marxist and other radical unions, with the corporatist unions being fairly conservative in comparison to their radical rivals.[16] Some Catholic corporatist states include Austria under the leadership of Federal Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuß, and Ecuador under the leadership of Garcia Moreno. In response to the Roman Catholic corporatism of the 1890s, Protestant corporatism was developed, especially in Germany, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia.[17] However, Protestant corporatism has been much less successful in obtaining assistance from governments than its Roman Catholic counterpart.[18]
BiologyEdit
In social psychology and biology, researchers have found the presence of corporate group social organization amongst animal species.[8] Research has shown that penguins are known to reside in densely populated corporate breeding colonies.[8]
Corporatism in politics and political economyEdit
Communitarian corporatismEdit
Plato (left) and Aristotle (right).
Ancient Greece developed early concepts of corporatism. Plato developed the concept of a totalitarian and communitarian corporatist system of natural-based classes and natural social hierarchies that would be organized based on function, such that groups would cooperate to achieve social harmony by emphasizing collective interests while rejecting individual interests.[6]
Aristotle in Politics also described society as being divided along natural classes and functional purposes that were priests, rulers, slaves, and warriors.[19] Ancient Rome adopted Greek concepts of corporatism into their own version of corporatism but also added the concept of political representation on the basis of function that divided representatives into military, professional, and religious groups and created institutions for each group known as colegios[19] (Latin: collegia).
Absolutist corporatismEdit
Absolute monarchies during the late Middle Ages gradually subordinated corporatist systems and corporate groups to the authority of centralized and absolutist governments, resulting in corporatism being used to enforce social hierarchy.[20]
After the French Revolution, the existing absolutist corporatist system was abolished due to its endorsement of social hierarchy and special “corporate privilege” for the Roman Catholic Church. The new French government considered corporatism’s emphasis of group rights as inconsistent with the government’s promotion of individual rights. Subsequently corporatist systems and corporate privilege throughout Europe were abolished in response to the French Revolution.[20] From 1789 to the 1850s, most supporters of corporatism were reactionaries.[5] A number of reactionary corporatists favoured corporatism in order to end liberal capitalism and restore the feudal system.[21]
Progressive corporatismEdit
From the 1850s onward progressive corporatism developed in response to classical liberalism and Marxism.[5] These corporatists supported providing group rights to members of the middle classes and working classes in order to secure cooperation among the classes. This was in opposition to the Marxist conception of class conflict. By the 1870s and 1880s, corporatism experienced a revival in Europe with the creation of workers’ unions that were committed to negotiations with employers.[5]
Ferdinand Tönnies in his work Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (“Community and Society”) of 1887 began a major revival of corporatist philosophy associated with the development of Neo-medievalism and increased promotion of guild socialism, and causing major changes of theoretical sociology. Tönnies claims that organic communities based upon clans, communes, families, and professional groups are disrupted by the mechanical society of economic classes imposed by capitalism.[22] The National Socialists used Tönnies’ theory to promote their notion of Volksgemeinschaft (“people’s community”).[23] However Tönnies opposed Nazism and joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1932 to oppose fascism in Germany and was deprived of his honorary professorship by Adolf Hitler in 1933.[24]
Corporate solidarismEdit
Émile Durkheim.
Sociologist Émile Durkheim advocated a form of corporatism termed “solidarism” that advocated creating an organic social solidarity of society through functional representation.[25] Solidarism was based upon Durkheim’s view that the dynamic of human society as a collective is distinct from that of an individual, in that society is what places upon individuals their cultural and social attributes.[26]
Durkheim claimed that in the economy, solidarism would alter the division of labour by changing it from the mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity. Durkheim claimed that the existing industrial capitalist division of labour caused “juridical and moral anomie” which had no norms or agreed procedures to resolve conflicts resulting in chronic confrontation between employers and trade unions.[25] Durkheim believed that this anomie caused social dislocation and claimed that by this “[i]t is the law of the strongest which rules, and there is inevitably a chronic state of war, latent or acute”.[25] As a result, Durkheim claimed it is a moral obligation of the members of society to end this situation by creating a moral organic solidarity based upon professions as organized into a single public institution.[27]
Liberal corporatismEdit
Portrait of John Stuart Mill
The idea of liberal corporatism has also been attributed to English liberal philosopher John Stuart Mill who discussed corporatist-like economic associations as needing to “predominate” in society to create equality for labourers and give them influence with management by economic democracy.[28] Unlike some other types of corporatism, liberal corporatism does not reject capitalism or individualism, but believes that the capitalist companies are social institutions that should require their managers to do more than maximize net income, by recognizing the needs of their employees.[29]
This liberal corporatist ethic is similar to Taylorism but endorses democratization of capitalist companies. Liberal corporatists believe that inclusion of all members in the election of management in effect reconciles “ethics and efficiency, freedom and order, liberty and rationality”.[29] Liberal corporatism began to gain disciples in the United States during the late 19th century.[5]
Liberal corporatism was an influential component of the Progressivism in the United States that has been referred to as “interest group liberalism”.[30] In the United States, economic corporatism involving capital-labour cooperation was influential in the New Deal economic program of the United States in the 1930s as well as in Keynesianism and even Fordism.[21]
Fascist corporatismEdit
See also: Preussentum und Sozialismus
Fascism’s theory of economic corporatism involved management of sectors of the economy by government or privately controlled organizations (corporations). Each trade union or employer corporation would, theoretically, represent its professional concerns, especially by negotiation of labour contracts and the like. This method, it was theorized, could result in harmony amongst social classes.[31] Authors have noted, however, that de facto economic corporatism was also used to reduce opposition and reward political loyalty.[32]
In Italy from 1922 until 1943, corporatism became influential amongst Italian nationalists led by Benito Mussolini. The Charter of Carnaro gained much popularity as the prototype of a “corporative state”, having displayed much within its tenets as a guild system combining the concepts of autonomy and authority in a special synthesis.[33] Alfredo Rocco spoke of a corporative state and declared corporatist ideology in detail. Rocco would later become a member of the Italian Fascist regime Fascismo.[34]
Italian Fascism involved a corporatist political system in which the economy was collectively managed by employers, workers and state officials by formal mechanisms at the national level.[35] This non-elected form of state officializing of every interest into the state was professed to reduce the marginalization of singular interests (as would allegedly happen by the unilateral end condition inherent in the democratic voting process). Corporatism would instead better recognize or “incorporate” every divergent interest into the state organically, according to its supporters, thus being the inspiration for their use of the term totalitarian, perceivable to them as not meaning a coercive system but described distinctly as without coercion in the 1932 Doctrine of Fascism as thus:
Benito Mussolini
When brought within the orbit of the State, Fascism recognizes the real needs which gave rise to socialism and trade unionism, giving them due weight in the guild or corporative system in which divergent interests are coordinated and harmonized in the unity of the State.[36]
and
[The state] is not simply a mechanism which limits the sphere of the supposed liberties of the individual… Neither has the Fascist conception of authority anything in common with that of a police ridden State… Far from crushing the individual, the Fascist State multiplies his energies, just as in a regiment a soldier is not diminished but multiplied by the number of his fellow soldiers.[36]
This prospect of Italian fascist corporatism claimed to be the direct heir of Georges Sorel’s revolutionary syndicalism, such that each interest was to form as its own entity with separate organizing parameters according to their own standards, only however within the corporative model of Italian fascism each was supposed to be incorporated through the auspices and organizing ability of a statist construct. This was by their reasoning the only possible way to achieve such a function, i.e., when resolved in the capability of an indissoluble state. Much of the corporatist influence upon Italian Fascism was partly due to the Fascists’ attempts to gain endorsement by the Roman Catholic Church that itself sponsored corporatism.[37]
However fascism’s corporatism was a top-down model of state control over the economy while the Roman Catholic Church’s corporatism favoured a bottom-up corporatism, whereby groups such as families and professional groups would voluntarily work together.[37][38] The fascist state corporatism influenced the governments and economies of a number of Roman Catholic-majority countries, such as the governments of Engelbert Dollfuss in Austria and António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal, but also Konstantin Päts and Karlis Ulmanis in non-Catholic Estonia and Latvia. Fascists in non-Catholic countries also supported Italian Fascist corporatism, including Oswald Mosley of the British Union of Fascists who commended corporatism and said that “it means a nation organized as the human body, with each organ performing its individual function but working in harmony with the whole”.[39] Mosley also considered corporatism as an attack on laissez-faire economics and “international finance”.[39]
Salazar was not associated with Mussolini—quite the opposite; he banished the fascist party in Portugal and distanced himself from all of Europe’s fascist regimes. Portugal during Salazar’s reign was considered “Catholic Corporatism”. Portugal remained neutral throughout World War II. Salazar also had a strong dislike of Marxism and Liberalism.
In 1933, Salazar stated, “Our Dictatorship clearly resembles a fascist dictatorship in the reinforcement of authority, in the war declared against certain principles of democracy, in its accentuated nationalist character, in its preoccupation of social order. However, it differs from it in its process of renovation. The fascist dictatorship tends towards a pagan Caesarism, towards a state that knows no limits of a legal or moral order, which marches towards it goal without meeting complications or obstacles. The Portuguese New State, on the contrary, cannot avoid, not think of avoiding, certain limits of a moral order which it may consider indispensable to maintain in its favour of its reforming action”.[40]
Neo-corporatismEdit
During the post-World War II reconstruction period in Europe, corporatism was favoured by Christian democrats (often under the influence of Catholic social teaching), national conservatives, and social democrats in opposition to liberal capitalism. This type of corporatism became unfashionable but revived again in the 1960s and 1970s as “neo-corporatism” in response to the new economic threat of recession-inflation.
Neo-corporatism favoured economic tripartism which involved strong labour unions, employers’ unions, and governments that cooperated as “social partners” to negotiate and manage a national economy.[21] Social corporatist systems instituted in Europe after World War II include the ordoliberal system of the social market economy in Germany, the social partnership in Ireland, the polder model in the Netherlands, the concertation system in Italy, the Rhine model in Switzerland and the Benelux countries, and the Nordic model in Scandinavia.
Attempts in the United States to create neo-corporatist capital-labor arrangements were unsuccessfully advocated by Gary Hart and Michael Dukakis in the 1980s. Robert Reich as U.S. Secretary of Labor during the Clinton administration promoted neo-corporatist reforms.[41]
Chinese corporatismEdit
Chinese corporatism, as described by Jonathan Unger and Anita Chan in their essay China, Corporatism, and the East Asian Model:[42]
“at the national level the state recognizes one and only one organization (say, a national labour union, a business association, a farmers’ association) as the sole representative of the sectoral interests of the individuals, enterprises or institutions that comprise that organization’s assigned constituency. The state determines which organizations will be recognized as legitimate and forms an unequal partnership of sorts with such organizations. The associations sometimes even get channelled into the policy-making processes and often help implement state policy on the government’s behalf.”
By establishing itself as the arbitrator of legitimacy and assigning responsibility for a particular constituency with one sole organization, the state limits the number of players with which it must negotiate its policies and co-opts their leadership into policing their own members. This arrangement is not limited to economic organizations such as business groups and social organizations.
The use of corporatism as a framework to understand the central state’s behaviour in China have been criticized by authors such as Bruce Gilley and William Hurst.[43][44] Other scholars such as Jennifer Hsu and Reza Hasmath have argued the framework is still useful for analyzing China’s local state behaviour and its engagement with social actors.[45][46][47]
See alsoEdit
Christian corporatism
Corporate nationalism
Corporate statism
Cooperative
Distributism
Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
Socialism
Social democracy
Guild
Guildism
Mutualism (movement)
Neofeudalism
Quango
Solidarism (disambiguation)
Third Way (centrism)
NotesEdit
Waite, Duncan. In press. “Imperial Hubris: The Dark Heart of Leadership.” Journal of School Leadership; Waite, Duncan, Turan, Selhattin & Niño, Juan Manuel. (2013). “Schools for Capitalism, Corporativism, and Corruption: Examples from Turkey and the US.” In Ira Bogotch & Carolyn Shields (eds.), International Handbook of Social (In)Justice and Educational Leadership (pp. 619-642). Dordercht, The Netherlands: Springer; Waite, Duncan & Waite, Susan F. (2010). “Corporatism and its Corruption of Democracy and Education.” Journal of Education and Humanities, 1(2), 86-106
. Wiarda, Howard J (1996). Corporatism and Comparative Politics: The Other Great Ism. 0765633671: M.E. Sharpe. pp. 22–23. ISBN 0765633671.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 27.
Clarke, Paul A. B; Foweraker, Joe. Encyclopedia of democratic thought. London, UK; New York, USA: Routledge, 2001. Pp. 113
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 35.
Adler, Franklin Hugh.Italian Industrialists from Liberalism to Fascism: The Political Development of the Industrial Bourgeoisie, 1906–34. Pp. 349
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 10.
Murchison, Carl Allanmore; Allee, Warder Clyde. A handbook of social psychology, Volume 1. 1967. Pp. 150.
Conwy Lloyd Morgan, Conwy Lloyd. Animal Behaviour. Bibliolife, LLC, 2009. Pp. 14.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 31-38, 44, 111, 124, 140.
Hans Slomp. European politics into the twenty-first century: integration and division. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers, 2000. Pp. 81
Bao-Er. China’s Neo-traditional Rights of the Child. Blaxland, Australia: Lulu.com, 2006. Pp. 19.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 28.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 31.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 37.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 38.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 39.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 41.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 29.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 33.
R. J. Barry Jones. Routledge Encyclopedia of International Political Economy: Entries A-F. Taylor & Frances, 2001. Pp. 243.
Peter F. Klarén, Thomas J. Bossert. Promise of development: theories of change in Latin America. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Westview Press, 1986. Pp. 221.
Francis Ludwig Carsten, Hermann Graml. The German resistance to Hitler. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press. Pp. 93
Ferdinand Tönnies, José Harris. Community and civil society. Cambride University Press, 2001 (first edition in 1887 as Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft). Pp. xxxii-xxxiii.
Antony Black, pp. 226.
Antony Black, pp. 223.
Antony Black, pp. 226, 228.
Gregg, Samuel. The commercial society: foundations and challenges in a global age. Lanham,USA; Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books, 2007. Pp. 109
Waring, Stephen P. Taylorism Transformed: Scientific Management Theory Since 1945. University of North Carolina Press, 1994. Pp. 193.
Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 134.
Mark Mazower, Dark Continent: Europe’s 20th Century p29 ISBN 0-679-43809-2
“Fascism.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2010. Web. 15 April 2010 .
Parlato, Giuseppe (2000). La sinistra fascista (in Italian). Bologna: Il Mulino. p. 88.
Payne, Stanley G. 1996. A History of Fascism, 1914-1945. [1] Routledge. Pp. 64 [2] ISBN 1-85728-595-6.
The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right (2002) by Peter Jonathan Davies and Derek Lynch, Routledge (UK), ISBN 0-415-21494-7 p.143.
Mussolini – The Doctrine of Fascism
Morgan, Philip. Fascism in Europe, 1919-1945. Routledge, 2003. P. 170.
Lewis, Paul H. Authoritarian regimes in Latin America: dictators, despots, and tyrants. Lanham, Maryland, USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2006. Pp. 131. “Fascism differed from Catholic corporatism by assigning the state the role of final arbiter, in the event that employer and labor syndicates failed to agree.”
Robert Eccleshall, Vincent Geoghegan, Richard Jay, Michael Kenny, Iain Mackenzie, Rick Wilford. Political Ideologies: an introduction. 2nd ed. Routledge, 1994. P. 208.
Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review Vol. 92, No. 368, Winter, 2003
Waring, Stephen P. Taylorism Transformed: Scientific Management Theory Since 1945. University of North Carolina Press, 1994. Pp. 194.
“China，Corporatism，and the East Asian Model”. By Jonathan Unger and Anita Chan, 1994.
Bruce Gilley (2011) “Paradigms of Chinese Politics: Kicking Society Back Out”, Journal of Contemporary China 20(70).
William Hurst (2007) “The City as the Focus: The Analysis of Contemporary Chinese Urban Politics’, China Information 20(30).
Jennifer Hsu and Reza Hasmath (2014) “The Local Corporatist State and NGO Relations in China”, Journal of Contemporary China 23(87).
Jennifer Hsu and Reza Hasmath (2013) The Chinese Corporatist State: Adaptation, Survival and Resistance. New York: Routledge.
Reza Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu (2009) China in an Era of Transition: Understanding Contemporary State and Society Actors. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
ReferencesEdit
Black, Antony (1984). Guilds and civil society in European political thought from the twelfth century to present. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-416-73360-0.
Wiarda, Howard J. (1997) Corporatism and comparative politics. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, ISBN 978-1-56324-716-3.
Further readingEdit
Acocella, N. and Di Bartolomeo, G. [2007], ‘Is corporatism feasible?’, in: ‘Metroeconomica’, 58(2): 340-59.
June 17, 2015 at 11:38 PM
It is alive and well, and flourishing, we Dutch have a special word for it “polderen “”
TTP and TTIP, dig into it.
June 17, 2015 at 11:14 PM
If working hard to build a future oneself and ones family is the American virus. Then yup, guess I’m infected.
June 18, 2015 at 3:22 AM
Nope that is it not, but the idea that it is only possible or happens in the USA is.
If you read back , i was clear about that virus, that exceptional feeling and thinking, indoctrinated from day one .
I worked my ass of , sometimes 18 hours a day for 7 days in a row, so spare me your work ethics , nothing special and not exceptional.
June 18, 2015 at 3:52 AM
Sorry again dude. American exceptionaism is the real deal. Brought on in large part due the the melting pot history of how America grew. America is the home of hopeful transplants, leaving their places of birth striking out to start a new life. A very human story. It’s a story of mixing people’s, heritages and races to form something new, something great. You said you’re Dutch. In America we identify differently, for example, I’m Irish, Russian Polish and an American. Understand?
June 18, 2015 at 6:22 AM
Yes i understand it , i,am well informed about the history of the USA .
But is it still a success story ?
June 18, 2015 at 3:55 AM
My children are Irish, Russian, Polish, Italian, Welsh, Swedish and are Americans. Get it?
June 18, 2015 at 6:51 AM
Nope, i do not get that, for me it is a kind of self inflicted social schizophrenic thinking . ( if they are born USA citizens )
June 18, 2015 at 4:22 AM
So you see Joop, it’s the world that made America exceptional. The thing you chaffe at “American Exceptionaism” is your fault.
June 18, 2015 at 6:36 AM
your words: Sorry again dude. American exceptionaism is the real deal
but read this , clears a lot up .
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=American_exceptionalism
June 18, 2015 at 12:21 PM
“However, postnationalist scholars have rejected American exceptionalism, arguing that the U.S. had not broken from European history, and accordingly, the U.S. has retained class-based and race-based inequalities, as well as imperialism and willingness to wage war.[12]” Yup, agree with this. For me, what sets America apart was its influx of genetics from around the world, a good mixing like never before of those with the gumption to get on a boat or a plane and move to a new land. Take all that genetic diversity mix it together and bingo, American, no let’s say human
Exceptionalism, was the result. That’s my story and I’m sticking to it!
June 18, 2015 at 1:50 PM
I did my best .
But i can not let the blind see.
The shiny house on the hill
Keep thinking you are exceptional and you will go under, the rest of the world is fed up with that exceptional thinking and doing.
War it will be.
Jeff Sessions on Obamatrade’s ‘New Pacific Union’ Like the EU: Something America Has ‘Never Seen’ Before
http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/17/jeff-sessions-on-obamatrades-new-pacific-union-like-the-eu-something-america-has-never-seen-before/
June 18, 2015 at 2:28 PM
“Keep thinking you are exceptional and you will go under, the rest of the world is fed up with that exceptional thinking and doing.
War it will be.”
Good grief! Joop I think you need more fiber in your diet.
June 18, 2015 at 4:00 PM
War it will be you said with who? Russia? China? To what end? World domination? Give me a break, that’s so 20th century. World cooperation is what the 21st century will be about.
Joop, stop being the glass is 1/2 full kind of guy. Globalism is the natural trend of growth and trade moving forward. Sorry, simply is. We all swim together or we all sink together!!
June 18, 2015 at 4:02 PM
Meant to say, 1/2 empty kind of guy…..
June 19, 2015 at 12:03 AM
As i said a world wide technocratic fascistic corporatist dictatorship under the rules of the USA, that is the goal.
But some do not like that. like Russia, China and some more.
June 18, 2015 at 4:24 PM
Just occurred to me Joop, that you, coming from a more homogenous societal environment may find the concept of we all “swim together or sink together” more difficult to grasp that those of us who were born into the melting pot.
June 18, 2015 at 11:58 PM
why would we swim together with exceptional people, can’t they swim on their own.
June 19, 2015 at 3:12 AM
Joop,Joop,Joop there’s no meeting you 1/2 way is there? They say bitter men are not born, they are made. What was it in life that filled you with such hate?
June 19, 2015 at 12:50 PM
It is not hate, it is nihilism about the development of humankind.
And that nihilism from me has his ground in the negative curve of development.
From the founding fathers to bombing for peace, humankind and not to forget USA corporatism in 110 years.
From a beautiful experiment to the big bully on the schoolyard of the world.
From starting as a exceptional experiment to become at best average in 110 years, or an exceptional bully if you want to stick with that exceptional !
And as a life long high tech guy is see very clear the growing gap between the high tech people and their controllers and the rest of the growing population on earth.( i do not mean with high tech people the zombie with a mobile thing stick to his head ).
Zillions of people still running around on mother earth , yelling my god is better my country is better my form of Government is better forcing other people to follow them.
That is no progress , that is the same old same in an other wrapping , the tools has changed , but some old true times well proven tools are still effective and in place.
John in this conversation it is not about you and me , I respect you as good human being , but one infected with the blinding virus.
I accept that the development ( evolution if you want ) of human kind is a kind of a wave form, with up and downs, and that we now are in a negative curve of the wave.
That is why i,am a traveler sitting for a window in the time train , watching the changing landscape of changes passing by, with full interest but also with a kind of nihilism.
This will be my last comment concerning this matter in this topic, we thinking to much different to make it productive.
Bottoms up !
June 19, 2015 at 3:13 AM
“But some do not like that. like Russia, China and some more”.
Joop, competition is a healthy thing don’t you think?
June 19, 2015 at 12:52 PM
NOT , if it go,s about who is playing the big boss in the world.
June 19, 2015 at 1:28 PM
Joop, not sure if you can understand this, but in human history there is always a boss. You know, the world could be in much worst straights like, oh let’s think, Oh yeah, if the FUCKING 1000 year REICH were allowed to happen. Snap out out of it and stop whining about big mean old America, you could be doing the Goose step now.
All The World’s A Stage Joop.
All the world’s a stage,
And all the men and women merely players;
They have their exits and their entrances,
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages. At first, the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse’s arms.
Then the whining schoolboy, with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress’ eyebrow. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honor, sudden and quick in quarrel,
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon’s mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances;
And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slippered pantaloon,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side;
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank, and his big manly voice,
Turning again toward childish treble, pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.
Shakespeare
Hope you have a pleasurable train ride Joop.
June 19, 2015 at 1:41 PM
Joop, and now for something completely different.
http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2048299,00.html
This guy about a few years a go was hired by Google as its chief Engineer.
Strap on your seat belt Joop, you ain’t seen nothing yet.
June 19, 2015 at 2:43 PM
You still not getting it , of course i,am very well known with the new developments as being an ex high tech guy as i said before, like growing brain cells on a chip.
But the technology is not the point but who control it, and all the social impacts, and you forgot my point about the growing gap between the technology the controllers and the “we the people””
Do i talk to a brick wall ?
Is my English so bad that you are not able to understand it.
Do you wanna talk about neural network or quantum computing , the digital world of/in the Planck dimension ?
Or the combination of this 3 in any kind of form, can you see the impact ?
come on bro !
Shakespeare did not had a clue about this.
Read something from Wolfgang Pauli, a lot more useful, and also a classic, it seems to me that you like classics .
http://tinyurl.com/ogo5tp3
June 19, 2015 at 3:29 PM
Thanks for all the comments guys. I just received the ‘Most Commented Post of the Year Award’. 🙂
June 19, 2015 at 3:32 PM
At your service .
June 19, 2015 at 3:44 PM
O well !part 234567
Typical example of a case of a heavy infected person with the expectational Americanism virus, this endanger the world peace .
Exclusive– Rep. Jim Bridenstine: Maintaining U.S. Military Preeminence Globally
American military power has not only kept our country safe and free, but also underwritten global prosperity and human freedom. As a combat veteran of Iraq and Afghanistan, restoring U.S. military preeminence was one of the reasons I ran for Congress.
http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/06/18/exclusive-rep-jim-bridenstine-maintaining-u-s-military-preeminence-globally/